Mitigation strategies

Mitigation strategy

Mitigation strategies for flooding

Flood mitigation measures can reduce the impact of floods. Depending on the area and nature of

the flood, mitigation strategies can be divided into structural and non-structural.

Structural flood mitigation strategies

 Construction of infrastructure like levees,flood walls,fills,dams,bridges,Reservoirs, culverts etc...

 Maintenance of existing infrastructure

 Reduction of bed roughness

smoothing the riverbed to allow the river to flow faster, thereby reducing the likelihood of

flooding.

 Altering stream channels

It creates a ''v'' in the river's bottom. This deepens, as well as increases, the speed of the river,

reducing the risk of flooding because the water flows away from the floodplain areas quicker

Non-structural flood mitigation strategies

 Property surveys

Surveying flood-affected homes helps homeowners, insurers and buyers understand the true

impact of flooding on each property.

 Building and development controls

To give some measure of protection from floods, current construction regulations mandate that

new homes or large renovations be built with habitable floor levels above flood levels.

 Catchment flood modelling

The Construction Consent Authority can better understand how new development will affect local

communities by keeping current flood models of developing catchments

 Early warning systems

Early warning systems are crucial in flash flooding situations since many floods happen at night

and residents need to be able to react to approaching flood levels.

 Environmentally sensitive area protection

Local governments can save regions like wetlands by prohibiting construction there.

 Planning

Communities can lower the danger of flood damage to property and lives by requiring local governments to develop comprehensive plans for hazard mitigation.

 Understanding and awareness

A timely response to an incoming flood is made possible by studying the area's flood history and

how the flood behaves there.

Mitigation strategies for earthquakes

Since it is impossible to stop earthquakes from happening, the best course of action is to focus on

mitigation strategy.

 The establishment of earthquake monitoring centers (seismological centers) for ongoing

observation and rapid information distribution among the public.

 Creating a map of the country's vulnerabilities, informing the public about vulnerability risks, and

teaching them how to minimize the negative effects of disasters.

 Modifying the types of homes and building designs in the most vulnerable locations, and

discouraging the development of high-rise structures, huge industrial facilities, and sprawling

urban centers there.

 Making it a requirement to employ light materials and earthquake-resistant designs in large

construction projects in susceptible locations.

Mitigation strategies for drought

Below are some of the things needs to do to avoid Such a drought situation or to minimize to damage

caused by that situation.

 Forest protection and reforestation.

 Reducing activities that emit excessive carbondioxide.

 Maximum use of available water resources.

 Use of new cropping methods.

 Choose the right time to plant and that time Cultivationin.

 Cultivation of plants with low water requirements.

 Creation of environment friendly industries.

Location-specific rainfed technologies are available to Cope with different drought situation. Muchof the research done in rainfed agriculture in india velates to conservation of soil and rainwater and to drought proofing. The key technologies for drought mitigation are in situ moisture conservation, rainwater harvesting and recycling, resilient Crops and cropping systems including contingency crop plans, foliar sprays, and intergrated farming system.

Mitigation strategies for volcane eruption

Below are some of the things we need to do to avoid such a volcane eruption or to minimize the damage caused by that situation.

 Take an integrated approach.

Divising out mitigation Stategies has been fundamental to volcanic risk management.Government

authorities, scientists and business organization need to develop an integrated approach to assess

all related threats. while Scientists should engage in volcanic monitoring.

 Set the objectives

Here, the key points to drive the developments should include. Damage prevention, preparedness

to tackle adverse situations, Crisis management and building resilience.A set of carefully selected

objectives that are relevant and practical are the minium prerequisites to mitigate volcanic risks.

 Make a diligent pursult

While governments, civil agencies have generally shown enough enthusiasm to develop volcanic risk

mitigation strategies, execution of tasks to reach the goals have often times been feeble.

 Distinctive challenges, unique solution

Threats and risks posed by volcanic eruptions are unique primarily due the dynamics of the problem

and the types and levels of consequences.There fore, the solutions need to be unique enough to

cope.with a risk type that could acquire new dimensions along with the passage of time.

Ex-: Re-eruption of mount pinatubo

 collaborations with authorities, and technological partnership.

Cooperation with civil defense agencies is of paramount importance to withstand the challenges

volcanic risk management. A truitful partnership enables to adopt a multi-risk approach, brings

support during crisis and arranges the necessary support post disaster. On the the other hand,

joining hands with a technology partner brings in cost efficient tools for monitoring risks. A robust

Solution helps in the assessment of vulnerability.

Mitigation strategies for Locus Swarm

 In the past. management strategies have typically focused on creating exclusion zones - by burning tyres to create an exclusion zone, catching them in nets or digging treches.

 Currently, the most commonly used control is insecticide. Sprayed from land or aerial vehicle, whole swarms canbe targeted in relatively short periods of time.

 Natural predators such as wasps, birds and reptiles may prove effective at keeping small swarm at bay.

 How ever, for managing more established swarms, newly-developed targeted microbial biopesticeds, such as the fungus - based “Green Muscle” Offer a larger-scale solution.

 How ever, one of the most effective way to avoid the devastating effect of locust plaguesis to prevent them from happening in the first place.

Mitigation strategies for winter storm

Avalanches are difficult to mitigate because they occur naturally.

Actions can be taken to reduce the impact primarily on the people.

Mitigation is the cornerstone of emergency management.

Mitigation the ongoing effort the lesson the impact that disasters have on people and property through action taken before a disaster strikes.

People can take the following measure to reduce the impact of winter storm.

 winterize your home by insulating walls and attics.

 Caulking and weather-stripping doors and windows.

 installing storm windows or covering windows with plastics.

 Clear rain gutter

 repair roof leaks

 Continue to take precautions and listen to and follow directions from local authorities

 Be careful when clearing snow

 If you have go to outside, dress appropriately, and watch for signs of frostbite and hypothermia.

Mitigation strategies for wildfire

Over time, methods for stopping, spotting, managing, and suppressing wildfires have evolved.

The most popular and affordable technique is fire control,intentionally starting tiny fires as a preventative tactic to lessen the quantity of flammable things that could catch fire. 

To preserve the diversity of high-value species and to prevent an overgrowth of plants and other waste that could be used as fuel alternatives, vegetation can be burned occasionally. 

Burning forest land is typically the most economical and environmentally responsible course of action.

Deforestation can also get rid of fuels that start forest fires, but in very bad weather, it might not be able to lessen the severity of the fire.

Reducing the intensity, duration, and heat of fires is the most efficient strategy to stop the spread of wildfires, according to Jan Van Wagtendonk, a biologist at the YellowstoneField Station. 

Buildings near forest fire-prone areas must have fire-resistant construction, and safety can be maintained by keeping combustible objects a specific distance away from the building's structure.

Mitigation strategies for Antarctica snow turn green

Increasing climate change resilience through ecosystem protection is one practical method that policy may be utilized to mitigate the effects of climate change in Antarctica.

 Areas of Antarctica designated by the Antarctic Treaty for special protection of the flora and fauna are known as Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPA) and Antarctic Specially Managed Areas (ASMA). 

Entry is restricted by both ASPAs and ASMAs, although to various degrees, with ASPAs providing the maximum level of security. 

Despite a sharp rise in tourism that could put further strain on the environment and ecosystems, the designation of ASPAs has dropped by 84% during the 1980s. 

Much of the stress on Antarctic ecosystems brought on by climate change and exacerbated by the sharp rise in tourists needs to be reduced.

Mitigation strategies for storm

 Build new homes and businesses away from areas at risk, such as the coast and the bay.

Reduces the number of buildings which will be destroyed.

 Train emergency services on how to react to a storm.

Trained people know what to do which reduces the number of deaths as more people will be

rescued.

 Plan evacuation routes.

Following these routes keeps people away from floods and debris – so less people are injured or

die.

 Build levees (along rivers) or sea walls along the coast.

References:-https://dipl.nt.gov.au

https://insightsonindia.com